Mixed-use developments can feature a blend of residential, commercial, institutional, and even industrial uses. These developments promote interconnected urban environments while augmenting economic vitality, sustainability, and liveability. As per Joe Cianciotto, from an economic perspective, mixed-use developments can be considered a strategic approach for maximizing both the efficiency and profitability of real estate. This is achieved through the integration of diverse income-generating activities within a single development.
Joe Cianciotto offers an introduction to mixed-use developments
Mixed-use developments refer to the design of buildings that incorporate a variety of functions, like residential, commercial, office spaces, retail outlets, and recreational facilities within a single development. They are quite a departure from traditional planning practices that segregate commercial, residential and industrial zones. However, this does not mean that mixed-use developments are an entirely new concept. If fact, their origins can be traced back to ancient civilizations.
In ancient times, many cities facilitated the integration of diverse functions to maximize convenience and efficiency. Cities like Athens, Constantinople, and Rome used to be mixed-use developments in many ways, as they integrated residential, commercial, and civic functions near one another. Rome especially exemplified mixed-use principles by having varied functions co-exist within the city walls. The city thrived on the synergy created by clustering diverse activities in a compact area while fostering interaction, community, and vitality. The Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries, however, brought major changes to such urban landscapes. Rapid population growth and industrialization led to specialized zoning regulations, thereby segregating land uses to prevent congestion. The revival of mixed-use zoning was witnessed in the 20th century owing to the rising urban sprawl.
In the opinion of Joe Cianciotto, modern mixed-use developments are largely driven by the rise of sub-urbanization. They represent contemporary architectural and urban planning strategies that are focused on improving liveability, sustainability, and walkability. Such developments provide easy access to diverse amenities. Moreover, diversified uses like retail, commercial and offices allow property owners to enjoy multiple revenue streams. There are two distinct types of mixed-use developments, vertical and horizontal:
- Vertical Mixed-Use Developments: Vertical mixed-use developments are usually built as multi-story buildings or high-rise structures that have different uses in the same space. In most cases, the lower floors are allocated to commercial spaces like retail outlets, offices, or service establishments, while the upper levels are dedicated to residential units. This form of development allows developers to make optimal use of limited urban land by stacking multiple functions vertically.
- Horizontal Mixed-Use Developments: Horizontal mixed-use developments, on the other, are spread across larger land parcels and often extend over several acres. These developments are more like integrated neighborhoods instead of being a single building. Horizontal mixed-use development focuses on walkability and social interaction.
Mixed-use developments help ensure well-balanced integration of people, spaces, and activities. It facilitates the creation of sustainable environments that support diverse lifestyles and can meet the everyday needs of the residents. Mixed-use developments help preserve natural landscapes while encouraging economic and social growth, ultimately contributing to healthier, more resilient communities and a more sustainable future.